Problem: You have dry eyes.

As you age, your body makes less oil, even in your tears. Hot, dry or windy climates, high altitudes, air-conditioning and cigarette smoke can aggravate the problem, as can hormonal changes at midlife.

Solution: Try over-the-counter artificial tears, either as drops or ointment. Because dry eyes can be a precursor to serious age-related eye disease, some doctors also prescribe nutritional supplements rich in antioxidants and zinc.

Problem: Your eyes itch and burn because of allergies.

Symptoms include swelling or puffiness, redness, itching, tearing, contact lens discomfort or the sensation that something foreign is in your eye, says Harry Engel, chief of ophthalmology at Montefiore Medical Center in New York City.

Solution: Cool compresses often help, as do artificial tears and antihistamine drops (both available over the counter). In severe cases, a doctor may prescribe topical steroids, which can come in the form of drops or gels.

Problem: You've had a corneal scratch or abrasion.

These tiny rips in the cornea -- the clear covering of the eyeball -- are very painful and cause tears, blurred vision and the feeling that there is grit embedded in the eye. You might experience scratches or abrasions caused by sand or dust in your eyes, rubbing your eyes too vigorously, an accidental poke, yard work mishaps or accidents while playing catch with the kids.

Solution: Splash clean water into the affected eye. If there seems to be nothing in it but you still feel discomfort, call your doctor. Treatment usually includes prescription topical antibiotic eyedrops or ointment. Most small abrasions heal within three days.